十三屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)副委員長(zhǎng)王晨5月22日上午向十三屆全國(guó)人大三次會(huì)議作關(guān)于《全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)關(guān)于建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制的決定(草案)》（a draft decision on establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to safeguard national security）的說(shuō)明。
Since the return of Hong Kong to the motherland, China has been firmly implementing the principles of "one country, two systems," "the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong," and a high degree of autonomy, Wang said.
王晨說(shuō)，香港回歸以來(lái)，國(guó)家堅(jiān)定貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的方針。
The practice of "one country, two systems" has achieved unprecedented success in Hong Kong, he said.
“一國(guó)兩制”實(shí)踐在香港取得了前所未有的成功。
But the increasingly notable national security risks in the HKSAR have become a prominent problem, the vice chairman said, citing activities that have seriously challenged the bottom line of the "one country, two systems" principle, harmed the rule of law, and threatened national sovereignty, security and development interests.
同時(shí)，香港特別行政區(qū)國(guó)家安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)日益凸顯。很多行為和活動(dòng)嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)“一國(guó)兩制”原則底線，嚴(yán)重?fù)p害法治，嚴(yán)重危害國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益。
Law-based and forceful measures must be taken to prevent, stop and punish such activities, he noted.
必須采取有力措施依法予以防范、制止和懲治。
Article 23 of the Basic Law of the HKSAR stipulates that the HKSAR shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the HKSAR, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the HKSAR from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies.
香港基本法第23條規(guī)定：“香港特別行政區(qū)應(yīng)自行立法禁止任何叛國(guó)、分裂國(guó)家、煽動(dòng)叛亂、顛覆中央人民政府及竊取國(guó)家機(jī)密的行為，禁止外國(guó)的政治性組織或團(tuán)體在香港特別行政區(qū)進(jìn)行政治活動(dòng)，禁止香港特別行政區(qū)的政治性組織或團(tuán)體與外國(guó)的政治性組織或團(tuán)體建立聯(lián)系?！?/p>
More than 20 years after Hong Kong's return, however, relevant laws are yet to materialize due to the sabotage and obstruction by those trying to sow trouble in Hong Kong and China at large, as well as external hostile forces, Wang said.
然而，香港回歸20多年來(lái)，由于反中亂港勢(shì)力和外部敵對(duì)勢(shì)力的極力阻撓、干擾，23條立法一直沒(méi)有完成。
Considering Hong Kong's situation at present, efforts must be made at the state-level to establish and improve the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the HKSAR to safeguard national security, to change the long-term "defenseless" status in the field of national security, Wang said.
在香港目前形勢(shì)下，必須從國(guó)家層面建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制，改變國(guó)家安全領(lǐng)域長(zhǎng)期“不設(shè)防”狀況。
This will advance the institutional building to safeguard national security on the course of China's Constitution and the Basic Law of the HKSAR, he said. This will also strengthen the work of safeguarding national security and ensure the steady and enduring growth of the cause of "one country, two systems", he added.
在憲法和香港基本法的軌道上推進(jìn)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全制度建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全工作，確保香港“一國(guó)兩制”事業(yè)行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)。
總體要求和基本原則
貫徹上述總體要求，必須遵循和把握好以下基本原則。
-- Firmly safeguarding national security;
一是堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國(guó)家安全。
-- Upholding and improving the "one country, two systems";
二是堅(jiān)持和完善“一國(guó)兩制”制度體系。
-- Adhering to governing Hong Kong in accordance with the law;
三是堅(jiān)持依法治港。
-- Resolutely opposing external interference;
四是堅(jiān)決反對(duì)外來(lái)干涉。
-- Substantially safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of Hong Kong residents;
五是切實(shí)保障香港居民合法權(quán)益。
決定草案分為導(dǎo)語(yǔ)和正文兩部分，正文部分共有7條。
Article 1 states clearly that the country will unswervingly, fully and faithfully implement the principles of "one country, two systems," "the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong," and a high degree of autonomy; stresses taking necessary measures to establish and improve the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the HKSAR to safeguard national security, as well as prevent, stop and punish activities endangering national security in accordance with the law;
第一條，闡明國(guó)家堅(jiān)定不移并全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的方針；強(qiáng)調(diào)采取必要措施建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制，依法防范、制止和懲治危害國(guó)家安全的行為和活動(dòng)。
Article 2 states clearly that the country resolutely opposes the interference in the HKSAR affairs by any foreign or external forces in any form and will take necessary countermeasures;
第二條，闡明國(guó)家堅(jiān)決反對(duì)任何外國(guó)和境外勢(shì)力以任何方式干預(yù)香港特別行政區(qū)事務(wù)，采取必要措施予以反制。
Article 3 specifies that it is the HKSAR's constitutional responsibilities to safeguard national sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity; stresses that the HKSAR must complete the national security legislation stipulated in the Basic Law of the HKSAR at an earlier date and HKSAR's administrative, legislative and judicial organs must, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, effectively prevent, stop and punish acts endangering national security;
第三條，明確規(guī)定維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、統(tǒng)一和領(lǐng)土完整是香港特別行政區(qū)的憲制責(zé)任；強(qiáng)調(diào)香港特別行政區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)盡早完成香港基本法規(guī)定的維護(hù)國(guó)家安全立法，香港特別行政區(qū)行政機(jī)關(guān)、立法機(jī)關(guān)、司法機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)依據(jù)有關(guān)法律規(guī)定有效防范、制止和懲治危害國(guó)家安全的行為。
Article 4 specifies that the HKSAR must establish and improve the institutions and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security; when needed, relevant national security organs of the Central People's Government will set up agencies in the HKSAR to fulfill relevant duties to safeguard national security in accordance with the law;
第四條，明確規(guī)定香港特別行政區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)建立健全維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的機(jī)構(gòu)和執(zhí)行機(jī)制；中央人民政府維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的有關(guān)機(jī)關(guān)根據(jù)需要在香港特別行政區(qū)設(shè)立機(jī)構(gòu)，依法履行維護(hù)國(guó)家安全相關(guān)職責(zé)。
Article 5 specifies that the HKSAR chief executive must regularly report to the Central People's Government on the HKSAR's performance of the duty to safeguard national security, carry out national security education and forbid acts of endangering national security;
第五條，明確規(guī)定香港特別行政區(qū)行政長(zhǎng)官應(yīng)當(dāng)就香港特別行政區(qū)履行維護(hù)國(guó)家安全職責(zé)、開(kāi)展國(guó)家安全推廣教育、依法禁止危害國(guó)家安全的行為等情況，定期向中央人民政府提交報(bào)告。
Article 6 specifies the constitutional meanings of related legislation of the NPC Standing Committee:
第六條，明確全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)相關(guān)立法的憲制含義，包括三層含義：
(1)Entrusting the NPC Standing Committee to formulate relevant laws on establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the HKSAR to safeguard national security. The NPC Standing Committee will exercise its functions and powers of legislation under authorization;
一是授權(quán)全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)就建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制制定相關(guān)法律，全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)將據(jù)此行使授權(quán)立法職權(quán)；
(2)Specifying that relevant legal tasks for the NPC Standing Committee are to effectively prevent, stop and punish any act occurring in the HKSAR to split the country, subvert state power, organize and carry out terrorist activities and other behaviors that seriously endanger national security, as well as activities of foreign and external forces to interfere in the affairs of the HKSAR;
二是明確全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)相關(guān)法律的任務(wù)是，切實(shí)防范、制止和懲治發(fā)生在香港特別行政區(qū)內(nèi)的任何分裂國(guó)家、顛覆國(guó)家政權(quán)、組織實(shí)施恐怖活動(dòng)等嚴(yán)重危害國(guó)家安全的行為以及外國(guó)和境外勢(shì)力干預(yù)香港特別行政區(qū)事務(wù)的活動(dòng)；
(3)Specifying the method of implementing relevant laws of the NPC Standing Committee in the HKSAR, that is, the NPC Standing Committee makes the decision to include relevant laws into Annex III of the Basic Law of the HKSAR, and the HKSAR promulgates and implements them;
三是明確全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)相關(guān)法律在香港特別行政區(qū)實(shí)施的方式，即全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)決定將相關(guān)法律列入香港基本法附件三，由香港特別行政區(qū)在當(dāng)?shù)毓紝?shí)施。
Article 7 specifies that this decision shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
第七條，明確本決定的施行時(shí)間，即自公布之日起施行。
After the issuance of the decision, the NPC Standing Committee will work with related parties to formulate relevant laws at an earlier date for the HKSAR to safeguard national security, actively push for settling prominent problems in the national security system of the HKSAR, strengthen the building of special institutions, enforcement mechanisms and law enforcement forces, so as to ensure relevant laws' effective implementation in the HKSAR, Wang said.
王晨說(shuō)，本決定作出后，全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)將會(huì)同有關(guān)方面及早制定香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的相關(guān)法律，積極推動(dòng)解決香港特別行政區(qū)在維護(hù)國(guó)家安全制度方面存在的突出問(wèn)題，加強(qiáng)專(zhuān)門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)、執(zhí)行機(jī)制和執(zhí)法力量建設(shè)，確保相關(guān)法律在香港特別行政區(qū)有效實(shí)施。
來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)
編輯：Helen
