4月6日，為建立維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)定的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制，央行發(fā)布《中華人民共和國(guó)金融穩(wěn)定法（草案征求意見稿）》（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“《金融穩(wěn)定法》草案”），向社會(huì)展開為期一個(gè)月的公開征求意見。

China's new draft law on financial stability has proposed a comprehensive framework of financial risk prevention that will help navigate the world's second-largest economy through the rising economic and financial headwinds at home and abroad, experts said on Thursday.
專家4月7日表示，最新起草的《金融穩(wěn)定法》草案提出了全面的金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范機(jī)制，將有助于引導(dǎo)作為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體的中國(guó)克服國(guó)內(nèi)外日益加劇的經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融逆風(fēng)。

As the fundamental legal basis of China's efforts to fend off major financial risks, the new legislation will serve to enhance financial resilience, strengthen the real economy and anchor market expectations, they said.
專家表示，作為中國(guó)抵御重大金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的基本法律基礎(chǔ)，該新法律草案將有助于增強(qiáng)金融彈性，夯實(shí)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)，并穩(wěn)定市場(chǎng)預(yù)期。

The draft law, released on Wednesday, outlined a cross-agency mechanism for maintaining financial stability. It orders establishment of a fund for ensuring financial stability, calls for cooperation among different financial regulators and local authorities, and sets out punishments for financial institutions, regulators and individuals failing to perform their duties in terms of preventing financial risks.
4月6日公布的法律草案明確了維持金融穩(wěn)定的跨機(jī)構(gòu)機(jī)制。提出設(shè)立金融穩(wěn)定保障基金，呼吁各金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和地方政府合作，并強(qiáng)化對(duì)未能履行金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范職責(zé)的金融機(jī)構(gòu)、監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)和個(gè)人的責(zé)任追究。

It is necessary to set up such a mechanism to safeguard the bottom line of preventing major financial risks, especially given "the complex economic and financial situation at home and abroad", the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, said in a statement when releasing the draft.
中國(guó)人民銀行在聲明中稱，面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)金融形勢(shì)，有必要建立金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范、化解和處置制度，堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。

In its statement, the central bank said that although a number of laws had previously been issued to govern the financial system, there remains a lack of systematic arrangements in terms of maintaining financial stability, with relevant provisions scattered in different sets of law and an absence of rules in relation to some key issues.
人民銀行在聲明中表示，盡管此前金融立法工作穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，但在金融穩(wěn)定方面，缺乏統(tǒng)籌安排，相關(guān)條款分散于多部金融法律法規(guī)中，一些重要問題還缺乏制度規(guī)范。

Liu Junhai, director of the Business Law Center at Renmin University of China, said the new law is highly important as it will play a key role in financial risk prevention and coordinated actions by different authorities in this regard.
中國(guó)人民大學(xué)商法研究所所長(zhǎng)劉俊海認(rèn)為，《金融穩(wěn)定法》至關(guān)重要，將在金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范和各方協(xié)調(diào)行動(dòng)中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用。

"The new law will enhance the efficiency of financial risk prevention by reducing uncoordinated steps by different authorities, hence reinforcing the development basis for the financial system and providing the real economy with more solid financial support," Liu said.
他表示：“新法案將通過減少不同部門不一致的步調(diào)來提高金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范效率，從而加強(qiáng)金融體系的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)，并為實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)提供更堅(jiān)實(shí)的金融支持。”

The draft law comes amid growing economic pressures at home and abroad. A COVID-19 surge and a real estate downturn have put more strains on the finances of real estate developers, smaller businesses and local governments, while external headwinds such as geopolitical uncertainties and monetary tightening in developed economies are on the rise.
《金融穩(wěn)定法》草案出臺(tái)之際，國(guó)內(nèi)外的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力日益增大。新冠疫情暴發(fā)和房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的低迷給房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商、小企業(yè)和地方政府的財(cái)政帶來了更多壓力，而地緣政治不確定性和發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體貨幣緊縮等外部不利因素也在增加。

Economic data has reflected the more complex external environment. Official data showed on Thursday that China's foreign exchange reserves fell to $3.188 trillion at the end of March, down 0.8 percent from a month earlier, due to a stronger US dollar and a fall in international bond markets.
經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)反映出更復(fù)雜的外部環(huán)境。4月7日的官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，由于美元走強(qiáng)和國(guó)際債券市場(chǎng)下跌，截至3月底，中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備降至3.188萬億美元，比一個(gè)月前下降0.8%。

Dong Dengxin, director of the Wuhan University of Science and Technology's Finance and Securities Institute, said the new law will improve China's ability to guard against cross-border and cross-sector financial risks and help anchor market expectations.
武漢科技大學(xué)金融證券研究所所長(zhǎng)董登新表示，《金融穩(wěn)定法》將提高中國(guó)防范跨境和跨部門金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力，并有助于鞏固市場(chǎng)預(yù)期。

Notably, the fund for ensuring financial stability proposed in the draft law will help stem the spread of risks in the initial stage of a financial crisis by smoothing market fluctuations and bailing out struggling financial institutions, he said.
他表示，值得注意的是，草案中提出的金融穩(wěn)定保障基金有助于通過平抑市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)和救助陷入困境的金融機(jī)構(gòu)，在金融危機(jī)初始階段阻止風(fēng)險(xiǎn)蔓延。

The draft law, which is available for public comment until May 6, said the fund will be used as spare capital to handle major financial risks and will be financed by financial institutions and financial infrastructure operators. The central bank is allowed to provide liquidity support for the fund if necessary.
草案征求意見截止時(shí)間為2022年5月6日。草案中明確，金融穩(wěn)定保障基金將用于具有系統(tǒng)性影響的重大金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)處置，由金融機(jī)構(gòu)、金融基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等主體籌集資金。人民銀行可以在必要時(shí)為基金提供流動(dòng)性支持。

Apart from promoting coordinated steps among authorities in terms of risk resolution, the law will also encourage major shareholders of financial institutions to improve their internal risk management, Dong added.
董登新還稱，除了在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)解決方面促進(jìn)政府部門之間的協(xié)調(diào)同步外，《金融穩(wěn)定法》還將鼓勵(lì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的大股東優(yōu)化其內(nèi)部風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理。

Also to anchor expectations and bolster the economy, China pledged more fiscal and monetary support on Wednesday. It was decided at an executive meeting of the State Council to postpone the old-age insurance premium payments of hard-hit enterprises and to set up re-lending facilities to support technological innovation and elderly care services.
此外，為穩(wěn)定預(yù)期和提振經(jīng)濟(jì)，中國(guó)政府4月6日承諾提供更多財(cái)政和貨幣支持。國(guó)務(wù)院常務(wù)會(huì)議決定，對(duì)特困行業(yè)實(shí)行階段性緩繳養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)政策，設(shè)立科技創(chuàng)新和普惠養(yǎng)老兩項(xiàng)專項(xiàng)再貸款。

Experts added that the country's decision to roll out a law and a fund to ensure financial stability is in line with international practices, as major economies have developed similar mechanisms.
專家認(rèn)為，主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體已經(jīng)建立了類似機(jī)制，中國(guó)推出《金融穩(wěn)定法》和金融穩(wěn)定保障基金確保金融穩(wěn)定的決定符合國(guó)際慣例。

After the 2008 global financial crisis, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was passed in the United States in July 2010 to better scrutinize non-banking financial institutions.
2008年全球金融危機(jī)后，美國(guó)于2010年7月通過了《多德-弗蘭克法案》，以更好地審查非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)。

Meanwhile, the US Treasury Department can use the Exchange Stabilization Fund-created in 1934-to mitigate instability in credit, securities and foreign exchange markets.
同時(shí)，美國(guó)財(cái)政部可以通過1934年創(chuàng)建的外匯穩(wěn)定基金來緩解信貸、證券和外匯市場(chǎng)的波動(dòng)。

來源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)
編輯：董靜

（By ZHOU LANXU in Beijing and SHI JING in Shanghai ）